According to which theory are workers motivated to achieve self-esteem and demonstrate their creativity when given freedom?

The correct answer is based on the premise of Theory Y, which was developed by Douglas McGregor. This theory posits that employees are inherently motivated, enjoy their work, and seek out responsibility and autonomy. When workers are provided with freedom and the opportunity to exercise their creativity, they can achieve higher levels of self-esteem and job satisfaction.

Theory Y contrasts with Theory X, which assumes that workers are inherently lazy and need to be closely supervised and controlled. By recognizing and harnessing the natural motivation and desire for self-fulfillment among employees, organizations can cultivate a more engaged and productive workforce.

Maslow's Theory addresses different levels of human needs, including self-esteem and self-actualization, but it is broader and does not specifically focus on managerial styles or the empowerment of workers in the way that Theory Y does. Theory Z relates to a specific management philosophy that emphasizes long-term employment and collective decision-making but does not primarily focus on the motivation derived from freedom and creativity in the same way that Theory Y does. Thus, it is Theory Y that best aligns with the idea that workers thrive when given freedom to achieve self-esteem and express their creativity.